Friday, 28 June 2024
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Raisin: A Dehydrated Powerhouse (Grade 12 Level)
Raisin: A Dehydrated Powerhouse (Grade 12 Level)
The humble raisin, a seemingly simple dried fruit, offers a surprisingly rich tapestry of scientific intrigue. Beyond its delightful sweetness lies a concentrated source of nutrients and a fascinating interplay of biological and chemical processes.
Nutritional Powerhouse:
- Carbohydrate Concentration: Raisins undergo dehydration, a process that removes water and concentrates the fruit's natural sugars (fructose and glucose) by approximately 3-4 times [1]. This results in a high carbohydrate content (around 60-65% by dry weight) [1], translating to a readily available source of energy. The glycemic index (GI) of raisins falls within the moderate range (around 60) [2], indicating a sustained energy release compared to processed sugary snacks that induce rapid blood sugar spikes.
- Dietary Fiber: Despite the concentration of sugars, raisins retain a significant amount of dietary fiber (around 4% by dry weight) [1]. This insoluble fiber promotes gut health by aiding digestion and promoting satiety (feeling full) [3].
Mineral Menagerie:
- Potassium Powerhouse: Raisins are a rich source of potassium (around 750 mg per 100 g) [1]. This essential mineral plays a critical role in maintaining healthy blood pressure by regulating the balance of electrolytes within the body [4].
- Iron Fortitude: Compared to fresh grapes, raisins exhibit a higher concentration of iron (around 2 mg per 100 g) [1]. This vital mineral facilitates oxygen transport in the body by being a key component of hemoglobin in red blood cells [5].
Vitamin Vault:
- B-Complex Bounty: Raisins are a good source of B vitamins, particularly thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), and niacin (vitamin B3) [1]. These B vitamins are crucial for energy metabolism, nervous system function, and overall cellular health [6].
- Vitamin K for Coagulation: Raisins contain a modest amount of vitamin K (around 10 mcg per 100 g) [1]. This vitamin plays a vital role in blood clotting and maintaining bone health [7].
Biochemical Delights:
- Antioxidant Arsenal: Raisins are brimming with phenolic compounds, a class of natural antioxidants. These antioxidants help combat free radicals, unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to chronic diseases [8].
- Osmotic Odyssey: The drying process of raisins exemplifies the principle of osmosis. As water evaporates from the grape, the concentration of solutes (sugars and other dissolved molecules) inside the fruit increases, creating a hypertonic environment [9]. When placed in water, water molecules naturally flow from an area of low solute concentration (the water) to an area of high solute concentration (the raisin) in an attempt to achieve equilibrium, causing the raisin to rehydrate and plump up [9].
Glossary:
- Carbohydrate Concentration: The process of increasing the proportion of carbohydrates in a substance by removing water.
- Glycemic Index (GI): A ranking system that assigns a value to foods based on their blood sugar impact.
- Insoluble Fiber: A type of dietary fiber that does not dissolve in water and promotes gut health.
- Electrolytes: Minerals that conduct electricity in the body and are essential for maintaining fluid balance.
- Hemoglobin: The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.
- B-Complex Vitamins: A group of B vitamins essential for various cellular functions.
- Antioxidant: A molecule that helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
- Hypertonic Environment: A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
- Osmosis: The spontaneous movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
By delving into the scientific details surrounding the raisin, we gain a deeper appreciation for its nutritional value and the fascinating interplay of biological and chemical processes at work within this tiny dried fruit.
References:
- [1] USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 28 (2015) ([link usda national nutrient database for standard reference ON United States Department of Agriculture (.gov) ndb.nal.usda.gov])
- [2] International Glycemic Index (GI) Database ([link glycemic index database australia ON Glycemic Index Foundation glycemicindex.com])
- [3] Mayo Clinic. Dietary fiber: Essential for a healthy diet ([link soluble fiber mayo ON Mayo Clinic mayoclinic.org])
- [4] National Institutes of Health. Potassium ([link importance of potassium in the body ON National Institutes of Health (.gov) niddk.nih.gov])
- [5] National Institutes of Health. Iron ([link https www
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Chemistry
The balanced equation for diltiazem's action on calcium channels can be represented as follows:
C22H26N2O4S + Ca^2+ → Diltiazem-Ca^2+ complex"
T: "This equation illustrates the precise stoichiometry of the reaction, ensuring that no atoms are gained or lost during the process. It's a fundamental principle of chemistry that allows us to predict and understand the outcomes of chemical reactions."
Tuesday, 4 February 2020
Math Movies
Math Movies For Really Light hOmewok
- Jurassic Park (1993) – A mathematician (Jeff Goldblum) is among those invited to a theme park with cloned dinosaurs, in order to assess its safety.
Intro: Jeff's Character is an expert in
Choas Theory, a math theory that is used in art, history, philosphy,
sports and modern architecture and of course studies into time travel
and not so much dnosaurs.
- 21 (2008) – A group of MIT current and former students, mostly mathematicians, and a mathematics professor devise a card counting scheme for success at Las Vegas Strip blackjack tables.
Card counting is an an advanced form of
probability, which actually gives the math student the advantage.
Anyone can do this.
- The Bank (2001) – A mathematician discovers a formula to predict fluctuations in the stock market.
Math is now used as standard by stock
brokers to do what is shown in the movie. Mathematics
is always tiring to find the next
superior theorem.
- Cube (1997) – Six people, including Leaven, a maths student, awake in a deathtrap based on mathematical principles.
A fun Canadian Movie. Very basic math.
Sneakers
(1992) – An eclectic team is assembled to steal a code-breaking box
developed by a rogue mathematician.
A fun spy movie with real math
concepts, Hollywood style.
- Moneyball (2011) – Oakland Athletics baseball team's general manager Billy Beane attempts to assemble a competitive team using statistics.
True story. True use of Math Watch.
A movie about the battle beteween the
average folk vs. the mathematics - which ended with 1000 years of
darkness and misery as ignorance becomes the norm.
- Good Will Hunting (1997) – Janitor and super-genius Will Hunting (Matt Damon) begins to turn his life around with the help of psychologist (Robin Williams) and a Fields Medal-winning professor (Stellan Skarsgård).
- A true story. The math is not core to the film other than the character is a genius.
Enigma
(2001) – A story of romantic and psychological intrigue set in
Bletchley Park
during the World
War II effort to crack the German Enigma
machine.
Recently DE-classfied, the machine that
won the war. After the machine was invented it was
impossible for the allies to lose the
war, as long as Turin's equations where followed. IT is also the
first modern day computer - though with modern mathematics and new
age of computers will make modern computers look like cave drawings.
Modern computers are millions of times better than Turin's machine,
and Quantam computers will be (if they work) be billions of times
better than our best computer now. They will make most professions
obsolete as every single computer on earth will have the power of
googe wihout being on the internet (instantaneous langague
translation for example) This is done via mathematics and algerba.
Woodworking Courses
There are a number of woodworking programs available through
Ontario colleges, but most fall under the categories of:- Woodworking or Manufacturing Technician. Woodworking technician programs give students the skills and theoretical knowledge to undertake a number of woodworking projects, including furniture building, cabinet construction and more. Techniques learned include woodworking tools and machinery operation, assembly, veneering, finishing and more, with plenty of hands-on time in sophisticated labs that employ both conventional woodworking machinery and the latest computer-controlled equipment.
- Woodworking Technology. Woodworking
technology programs typically build on skills and techniques learned
in woodworking technician programs with a managerial and production
component. Skills in material analysis, facilities planning,
supervision and quality
control help prepare students for administrative, managerial and
supervisory roles in the woodworking industry.
General Woodworking Program Requirements
Ontario college woodworking programs typically require an Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) or equivalent, which includes a grade 12 English credit. Additional academic credits may vary, but will likely include a senior math credit.Woodworking Jobs and Salaries
Woodworking training opens up a number of career opportunities in both large and small manufacturing companies or in starting your own woodworking business. Areas of specialty may include custom woodworking, cabinet and furniture making, finishing, installation and much more.Salaries in the woodworking industry will depend on the position, but graduates usually see entry-level salaries between $28,000 and $35,000 per year. Woodworking professionals who take on custom design or high-end projects may be able to charge more for their time.
Friday, 20 September 2019
U of T Poem Test (by Edmund Scholz)
Say the real author and where it is from:
OLD ENGLISH Real Quotes , Fake authors.
Say the real author and where it is from:
King will:
Never elsewhere so many, such able
Knights assembled! Women and land
He shared out with generous hand
To all but one who'd served. Lanval
He forgot: no man helped his recall.
For being brave and generous,
For his beauty and his prowess,
He was envied by all the court;
Those who claimed to hold him dear,
If Fortune had brought
-Will Beats the Rock by king will
He soon discerns, and weltring by his side
One next himself in power, and next in crime,
Long after known in Palestine, and nam'd [ 80 ]Beelzebub. To whom th' Arch-Enemy,
-Kirk
And al was for an appil,
an appil that he tok.
As clerkes fyndyn wretyn
in here book.
-The Apple man
f thou couldst answer 'This fair child of mine
Shall sum my count, and make my old excuse,'
Proving his beauty by succession thine!
This were to be new made when thou art old,
And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold.
-Knee in Japan
f thou couldst answer 'This fair child of mine
Shall sum my count, and make my old excuse,'
Proving his beauty by succession thine!
This were to be new made when thou art old,
And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold.
-Knee in Japan
And on his brest a bloodie crosse he bore,
The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,
For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore.
And dead, as living, ever him ador'd :
Upon his shield the like was also scor'd.
For soveraine hope which in his helpe he had.
Right faithfull true he was in deede and word.
But of his cheere did seem too solemne sad ;
Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was ydrad.
-The Eldar
Lest anyone think it not right.
But who'd suspect? Who would suppose...?
Their two houses were built so close,
Together they stood, side
-
by
-
side,
No bar, no fencing to divide
Tower from tower, hall from hall
--
Nothing but one high dark stone wall.
At the window of her bedroom suite
The lady would stand, and, oh! how sweet!
Talking thence with her loving friend
On the other side. They'd often send
Love
-
gifts flying through the air
-
- 1066, Chaitivel
Wako's gone Surfing:
ewy-feathered;
nænig hleomæga
no cheerful kinsmen
feasceaftig ferð
can comfort
frefran meahte.
the poor soul.
Forþon him gelyfeð lyt,
Indeed he credits it little,
se þe ah lifes wyn
the one who has the joys of life,
28a
gebiden in burgum,
dwells in the city,
bealosiþa hwon,
far from terrible journey,
wlonc ond wingal,
proud and wanton with wine,
hu ic werig oft
how I, weary, often
in brimlade
have had to endure
bidan sceolde.
in the sea-paths.
Nap nihtscua,
The shadows of night darkened,
norþan sniwde,
it snowed from the north,
32a
hrim hrusan bond,
frost bound the ground,
Wakos gone wild
OF Mans First Disobedience, and the Fruit
Of that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal tast
Brought Death into the World, and all our woe,
With loss of Eden, till one greater Man
Restore us, and regain the blissful Seat, [ 5 ]
Sing Heav'nly Muse, that on the secret top
Of Oreb, or of Sinai, didst inspire
-Oliver with the Black Hat
The cruell markes of many' a bloody fielde ;
Yet armes till that time did he never wield.
His angry steede did chide his foming bitt.
As much disdayning to the curbe to yield :
Full jolly knight he seemd, and faire did sitt.
As one for knightly giusts and fierce encounters fitt.
-Tales of the the Kami - Sama-Fay
Nor gates of steel so strong but Time decays?
O fearful meditation! where, alack,
Shall Time's best jewel from Time's chest lie hid?
Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back?
Or who his spoil of beauty can forbid?
O! none, unless this miracle have might,
That in black ink my love may still shine bright.
-ROKU GO
That Shepherd, who first taught the chosen Seed,In the Beginning how the Heav'ns and Earth
Rose out of Chaos: Or if Sion Hill [ 10 ]
Delight thee more, and Siloa's Brook that flow'd
Fast by the Oracle of God; I thence
Invoke thy aid to my adventrous Song,
That with no middle flight intends to soar
Above th' Aonian Mount, while it pursues [ 15 ]
-Charles
Things unattempted yet in Prose or Rhime.
And chiefly Thou O Spirit, that dost prefer
Before all Temples th' upright heart and pure,
Instruct me, for Thou know'st; Thou from the first
Wast present, and with mighty wings outspread [ 20 ]
-Purtins
JU-go
hen I consider every thing that grows
Holds in perfection but a little moment,
That this huge stage presenteth nought but shows
Whereon the stars in secret influence comment;
When I perceive that men as plants increase,
Cheered and checked even by the self-same sky,
Vaunt in their youthful sap, at height decrease,
by Ju-go
to stir with his hands the frost-cold sea, and walk in exile’s paths.
Wyrd is fully fixed! 1 5
Thus spoke the Wanderer, mindful of troubles,
of cruel slaughters and the fall of dear kinsmen:
. -The Ronin Speaks
Infinite goodness, grace and mercy shewn
On Man by him seduc't, but on himself
Treble confusion, wrath and vengeance pour'd. [ 220 ]
Forthwith upright he rears from off the Pool
His mighty Stature; on each hand the flames
Drivn backward slope thir pointing spires, and rowld
In billows, leave i'th' midst a horrid Vale.
Then with expanded wings he stears his flight [ 225 ]
Aloft, incumbent on the dusky Air
That felt unusual weight, till on dry Land
He lights, if it were Land that ever burn'd
-Oliver
The living record of your memory.
'Gainst death, and all oblivious enmity
Shall you pace forth; your praise shall still find room
Even in the eyes of all posterity
That wear this world out to the ending doom.
So, till the judgment that yourself arise,
You live in this, and dwell in lovers' eyes.
-GoGo Japan
Mæg ic be me sylfum
I can make a true song
soðgied wrecan,
about me myself,
siþas secgan,
tell my travels,
hu ic geswincdagum
how I often endured
earfoðhwile
days of struggle,
oft þrowade,
troublesome times,
4a
bitre breostceare
[how I] have suffered
gebiden hæbbe,
grim sorrow at heart,
gecunnad in ceole
have known in the ship
cearselda fela,
many worries [abodes of care],
-The Wako speaks on the Mizu
But wherefore do not you a mightier way
Make war upon this bloody tyrant, Time?
And fortify your self in your decay
-JEW _ROKU
With solid, as the Lake with liquid fire;
And such appear'd in hue, as when the force [ 230 ]
Of subterranean wind transports a Hill
Torn from Pelorus, or the shatter'd side
Of thundring Ætna, whose combustible
And fewel'd entrals thence conceiving Fire,Sublim'd with Mineral fury, aid the Winds, [ 235 ]
And leave a singed bottom all involv'd
With stench and smoak: Such resting found the sole
Of unblest feet. Him followed his next Mate,
Both glorying to have scap't the Stygian floodAs Gods, and by thir own recover'd strength, [ 240 ]
Not by the sufferance of supernal Power.
Is this the Region, this the Soil, the Clime,
Said then the lost Arch-Angel, this the seat
That we must change for Heav'n, this mournful gloom
For that celestial light? Be it so, since he [ 245 ]
Who now is Sovran can dispose and bid
What shall be right: fardest from him is best
Whom reason hath equald, force hath made supream
Above his equals. Farewel happy Fields
Where Joy for ever dwells: Hail horrours, hail [ 250 ]
Infernal world, and thou profoundest Hell
Receive thy new Possessor: One who brings
A mind not to be chang'd by Place or Time.
-Ibis, Arabic for . . .
RoKO+GO :
Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea,
But sad mortality o'ersways their power,
How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea,
Whose action is no stronger than a flower?
O! how shall summer's honey breath hold out,
Against the wrackful siege of battering days,
When rocks impregnable are not so stout,
Nor gates of steel so strong but Time decays?
-Roku GO
RONIN:
far from dear kinsmen — and bind it in fetters,
ever since long ago I hid my gold-giving
friend in the darkness of earth, and went wretched, winter-sad,
over the binding waves, sought, hall-sick, a treasure-giver,
\wherever I might find, far or near,
-Ronin
With means more blessed than my barren rhyme?
Now stand you on the top of happy hours,
And many maiden gardens, yet unset,
With virtuous wish would bear you living flowers,
Much liker than your painted counterfeit:
So should the lines of life that life repair,
Which this, Time's pencil, or my pupil pen,
Neither in inward worth nor outward fair,
Can make you live your self in eyes of men.
To give away yourself, keeps yourself still,
And you must live, drawn by your own sweet skill.
By Ju-ROKU
Sama gone wild -----
To winne him worshippe, and her grace to have,
AN'hich of all earthly thinges he most did crave:
And ever as he rode his hart did earne
To prove his puissance in battell brave
Upon his foe, and his new force to learne.
Upon his foe, a Dragon horrible and stearne.
OR same work:
“What though the sea with waves continuall
Doe eate the earth, it is no more at all ;
Ne is the earth the lesse, or loseth ought :
For whatsoever from one place doth fall
Is with the tyde unto another brought :
For there is nothing lost, that may be found if sought.”
-Brandi, Cg (sama-fay)
On Kings and Country:
O Prince, O Chief of many Throned Powers,
That led th' imbattelld Seraphim to Warr
Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds [ 130 ]
Fearless, endanger'd Heav'ns perpetual King;
And put to proof his high Supremacy,
Whether upheld by strength, or Chance, or Fate,
Too well I see and rue the dire event,
That with sad overthrow and foul defeat [ 135 ]
Hath lost us Heav'n, and all this mighty Host
In horrible destruction laid thus low,
As far as Gods and Heav'nly Essences
Can perish: for the mind and spirit remains
Invincible, and vigour soon returns, [ 140 ]
Though all our Glory extinct, and happy state
Here swallow'd up in endless misery.
But what if he our Conquerour, (whom I now
Of force believe Almighty, since no less
Then such could hav orepow'rd such force as ours) [ 145 ]
Have left us this our spirit and strength intire
Strongly to suffer and support our pains,
That we may so suffice his vengeful ire,
Or do him mightier service as his thralls
By right of Warr, what e're his business be [ 150 ]
Here in the heart of Hell to work in Fire,
Or do his Errands in the gloomy Deep;
What can it then avail though yet we feel
Strength undiminisht, or eternal being
To undergo eternal punishment? [ 155 ]
Whereto with speedy words th' Arch-fiend reply'd.
Fall'n Cherube, to be weak is miserable
Doing or Suffering: but of this be sure,
To do ought good never will be our task,
But ever to do ill our sole delight, [ 160 ]
As being the contrary to his high will
Whom we resist. If then his ProvidenceOut of our evil seek to bring forth good,
Our labour must be to pervert that end
And out of good still to find means of evil; [ 165 ]
Which oft times may succeed, so as perhaps
Shall grieve him, if I fail not, and disturb
His inmost counsels from thir destind aim.
But see the angry Victor hath recall'd
His Ministers of vengeance and pursuit [ 170 ]
Back to the Gates of Heav'n: The Sulphurous Hail
Shot after us in storm, oreblown hath laid
The fiery Surge, that from the Precipice
-Divine right of kings
Hwæt! Ic swefna cyst
secgan wylle,
hwæt me gemætte
to midre nihte,
syðþan reordberend
reste wunedon!
þuhte me þæt ic gesawe
syllicre treow
5
on lyft lædan,
leohte bewunden,
beama beorhtost.
Eall þæt beacen wæs
begoten mid golde.
Gimmas stodon
fægere æt foldan sceatum,
swylce þær fife wæron
uppe on þam eaxlegespanne.
Beheoldon þær engel dryhtnes ealle,
That far and wide on earth men honour me,
And all this great and glorious creation,
And to this beacon offers prayers. On me
The Son of God once suffered; therefore now
I tower mighty underneath the heavens,
100
And I may heal all those in awe of me.
Once I became the cruellest of tortures,
Most hateful to all nations, till the time
I opened the right way of life for men.
(OE 90) So then the prince of glory honoured me,
105
And heaven's King exalted me above
All other trees, just as Almighty God
Raised up His mother Mary for all men
Above all other women in the world.
-Lovecraft
Behold, I wish to tell the best of dreams
which I dreamt at the middle of the night,
after speakers remained in rest.
It seemed to me that I saw a wondrous tree
rise into [the] air surrounded by light,
brightest of trees. The entire symbol was
covered with gold; beautiful gems
stood on the earth's surface,
likewise there were five
up on the crossbeam.
Many angel hosts there looked on,
beautiful throughout creation;
nor was [it] there indeed a criminal's gallows,
but holy spirits looked on it there,
men above heaven
and all this glorious creation.
-The Red Pill and rabbits
They heard, and were abasht, and up they sprung
Upon the wing, as when men wont to watch
On duty, sleeping found by whom they dread,
Rouse and bestir themselves ere well awake.
Nor did they not perceave the evil plight [ 335 ]
In which they were, or the fierce pains not feel;
Yet to thir Generals Voyce they soon obeyd
Innumerable. As when the potent Rod
-Ear Worms in the Ear
This was a cursed thief, a false justice.
As shameful death as hearte can devise
Come to these judges and their advoca's
-Robin hood
O Goodly golden Chain, wherewith yfere
The Vertues linked are in lovely wise;
And noble Minds of yore allied were,
In brave pursuit of chevalrous Emprise:
That none did other's Safety despise,
Nor Aid envy to him, in need that stands,
But friendly each did other's Praise devise
How to advance with favourable Hands,
As this good Prince redeem'd the Redcross Knight from bands.
-Knights of the Hart , Sailor moon-sama
Hope was renewed with glory and with bliss
160
For those who suffered burning fires in hell.
The Son was mighty on that expedition,
Successful and victorious; and when
The one Almighty Ruler brought with Him
A multitude of spirits to God's kingdom,
165
To bliss among the angels and the souls
Of all who dwelt already in the heavens
In glory, then Almighty God had come,
The Ruler entered into His own land.
-Christ and Satan In Rem state
Irreconcileable, to our grand Foe,
Who now triumphs, and in th' excess of joy
Sole reigning holds the Tyranny of Heav'n.
So spake th' Apostate Angel, though in pain
-Vulcan Speaks
Were an all-eating shame, and thriftless praise.
-Knee
like a prelate, by Saint Ronian;
Said I not well? Can I not speak *in term?* *in set form*
But well I wot thou dost* mine heart to erme,** *makest **grieve<4>
That I have almost caught a cardiacle:* *heartache <5>
By corpus Domini <6>, but* I have triacle,**
-Frair Tuck
And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold.
-after Ichi
The seat of desolation, voyd of light,
Save what the glimmering of these livid flames
Casts pale and dreadful? Thither let us tend
From off the tossing of these fiery waves,
-Lai of Scotty.
To bottomless perdition, there to dwell
In Adamantine Chains and penal Fire,
Who durst defie th' Omnipotent to Arms.Nine times the Space that measures Day and Night [ 50 ]
To mortal men, he with his horrid crew
Lay vanquisht, rowling in the fiery Gulfe
Confounded though immortal: But his doom
Reserv'd him to more wrath; for now the thought
Both of lost happiness and lasting pain [ 55 ]
Torments him; round he throws his baleful eyes
That witness'd huge affliction and dismay
Mixt with obdurate pride and stedfast hate:
At once as far as Angels kenn he views
The dismal Situation waste and wilde, [ 60 ]
A Dungeon horrible, on all sides round
As one great Furnace flam'd, yet from those flames
No light, but rather darkness visible
Serv'd onely to discover sights of woe,
Regions of sorrow, doleful shades, where peace [ 65 ]
-Not Caholic
--
by King Will
That King of valiant and courtly estate
--
His borders there he guarded well
Against the Pict, against the Scot,
Who'd cross into Logres to devastate
The countryside often, and a lot.
He held court there at Pentecost,
1
The summer feast we call Whitsun,
Giving gifts of impressive cost
To every count and each baron
-Will Beats the Rock by king will
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